Basic of Computer

What is a computer?

It is a device that performs its functions properly in accordance with the commands given by man. This is how computers can be defined. A computer is an electrically operated device that processes certain data and processes certain information.

What is computer data?

Something that is not neatly set up and at a glance cannot be the determine is call data.
Example 5,3,2,9,6,4,10,8 / k, a, r, m, d, b, n

What is computer information?

A neat set-up is calling information that can come to a definite conclusion.
Example 2,4,6,8,10,12,14,16 / a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j

Why are computers calling an automated device?

It is an automated instrument that performs the task automatically and correctly, according to manmade commands.

Process of the computers system

History of the Computer Generation.

The computers used in the modern world dates back to the 1600s. The computers, designed in the 1600s, was shaped like a calculator. Based on these failures, different people have tried to create different computers at different times. In 1947 the team, including JOHN WON NUMAN, created the first computer generation. Since then, there have been five generations of computers.

The first generation of computers was started in 1947 by a group called JOHN WON NUMAN. The computers were as large as a room, and their only function was to collect two numbers.

❖ The second computers generation

In 1949, using the transistor for the second generation of computers, a smaller computer was built, compared to the first. But this computer was only able to collect two numbers.

❖ The third computers generation

The computer was invented using IC in the 1960s for the third generation. The task, then, was to improve the number of computers that were limited to collecting numbers, decreasing, multiplying, and dividing.

❖ The fourth computers generation

The fourth computer was created in 1972 using the computer chip. The work that was accomplished was that the computer, which had advanced to perform mathematical tasks, had advanced to the task of gathering data and storing data.

❖ Fifth Computers Generation

This generation of computers is based on the self-knowledge of the fifth computer generation. The speciality of this is that it is capable of doing something by itself.

The difference between computers and human

• Speed
• Accurate
• Not getting tired
• Automation
• Ability to remember more information
• Time-saving
• Saving money

Tasks that can be done via the computing

• This encompasses a wide range of topics, from sentence creation to solving complex mathematical problems, making paperwork within an organization much easier.
  Examples include salary details, results, documents, preparation of applications, etc.
• Business affairs
  For example, banking, electronic payments in merchant establishments, ATM payments.
• Examples of home and business premises and highway safety systems include CCTV cameras, safety ring signals
• For use in modern television, radio and other electronic devices
  Examples include the use of modern equipment such as LCD TV, electronic payments, ATMs, cell phones, telephone booths, CCTV cameras.
• Reading and Writing CDs
  Examples include games, songs, movies, software
• To set footage in television sets
  Examples are television, commercials, movies, cartoons
• For teaching through computer programs and software
  Examples include MC Office, Graphic Design, Auto CAD, Web Design, Maya, VB, HTML

Different types of computers

In the modern world, computers are classified based on the size of the computer and the ability to perform certain tasks.

• Palmtop, I pad, Tab
• Laptop computers
• Desktop computers

Palmtop, I pad, Tab

This type of computer serves only personal tasks. Similarly, this computer is smaller in size. A portable computer.

Laptop computer

This computer performs every task that any other computer can do. This computer is quite small in size. This results in a thinner screen and less weight. Losing weight makes it easier to move. Electricity is store in a battery and this computer is a mobile computer.

Desktop computer

This computers also performs most of the work that other computers do. This is huge. Too heavy A type of computer that can’t be moved easily. It must be placed in one location. A number of partitions must use to run this type of computer. Electricity for those parts is compulsory and electricity supply through cable. This type of computer must have four main partitions and four subsets attached to it. That is

The 4 main sections

• System Unit
• Monitor
• Mouse
• Key Board

The 4 Sub Sections

• Printer
• Scanner
• Ups
• Speaker

System Unit

This is the most important part of the computer. The function is,

• Gathering all the data we enter.
• Processing the data collected.
• Make the information and securely store it if needed.
• Display this information through a monitor when needed.

Monitor

The main function is to display all the information in the system unit using words and graphics

Mouse

The task here is to look up the items on the computer and perform commands to select them when we need them. The mouse has two buttons. They are located on the left and right sides of the mouse.

• Left-Click Button
  It uses to access certain programs on the computer and select items.
• Right-Click Button
  It uses to access the programs on the computer and to make the necessary menu to modify the items.

Keyboard

This mainly uses for inserting letters, symbols and numbers outside the computer when processing documents. In another case, the commands given by the mouse can be used as a shortcut, which can be divided into three key components found on the keyboard.

• Control key
  These can be found in the top and bottom rows of the keyboard, and the mouse can do things like shortcut the control keys individually or with multiple keys.
  Examples: Esc, F1, F2, F3, Ctrl key, Windows Button, Alt key, Shift key, Arrow key, Enter key
• Number Key
  These are located in the second row and on the right of the keyboard when viewed from the top of the keyboard. It uses to write numbers when entering mathematical data in the program you have open.
• Typing key
  This includes letters, symbols, etc. These are from the second row, viewed from the top of the Keyboard. These can use to write down the information you need to open the program.

Key used in writing letters

• CAPSLOCK key
• Shift key
• Space Bar
• Tabs key
• Enter key
• Delete
• Backspace

Printer

This printer allows printing of cached documents to any computer within a program and then printing them out of the computers.

Scanner

The main function of this is to re-insert any document outside the computer into a duplicate and reinsert all documents, including documents, into the computers.

UPS

There must be a power supply to activate computers. But when there is no power supply the computers will not work.

In the event of power outages, the computers will fail. In such cases, the document that begins process may be left out of the computer’s memory. They also have to resets. This creates disadvantages such as wasting time, feeling tired, and postponing other work.

Alternatively, a UPS can connect to computers. The function of this is to provide power to the computers in the absence of power and to prevent the computer from working. In other cases, a power outage from time to time can prevent computers damage.

Speaker

This is to make sure that the sound of the music, video, games etc. can be extracted from the computers.

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